Briefly introduce what is lithium carbonate

Lithium carbonate is the carbonate of lithium, a soft alkali metal with antimanic and hematopoietic activity. 

Lithium carbonate is a white powder that is highly irritating when dissolved in water. 

Lithium interferes with transmembrane sodium exchange in nerve cells by affecting sodium and potassium-stimulated adenosine triphosphatase; alters neurotransmitter release; affects cyclic adenosine monophosphate concentration; and blocks inositol metabolism, leading to cellular inositol depletion and inhibition of phospholipids Enzyme C-mediated signal transduction. 

The exact mechanism by which lithium exerts its mood-stabilizing effects has not been determined. Furthermore, lithium stimulates granulopoiesis and appears to increase the levels of pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells by stimulating the release of hematopoietic cytokines and/or acting directly on hematopoietic stem cells.